The 1960s were a transformative decade for Gibson, marked by innovation, cultural influence, and some of the most iconic guitar designs in history. As rock, blues, and pop music exploded in popularity, Gibson guitars became central to the sounds of the era, played by legends like Eric Clapton, Jimmy Page, and B.B. King. This period solidified Gibson’s reputation as a maker of premium instruments while setting the stage for the modern electric guitar industry.
In this article, we’ll dive deep into Gibson’s journey in the 1960s, exploring the company’s history during this time, the groundbreaking guitars it introduced, and their lasting impact.
The Context: Gibson’s Rise to Prominence
Founded in 1902, Gibson was already a respected name in the world of stringed instruments by the 1950s. Under the leadership of Ted McCarty, who became president in 1950, Gibson experienced a surge of innovation. By the early 1960s, the company was riding high on the success of the Les Paul model, introduced in 1952, and other pioneering electric and acoustic guitars.
However, Gibson faced competition from Fender, whose lightweight, modern designs like the Stratocaster and Telecaster were immensely popular among rock and roll musicians. In response, Gibson doubled down on innovation and design excellence to maintain its status as a premier guitar manufacturer.
Key Innovations and Models of the 1960s
1. The Transition of the Les Paul (1960-1963)
The Les Paul Standard, initially introduced in 1952, had undergone various refinements throughout the 1950s, culminating in the iconic “Burst” models of 1958-1960. These guitars featured a sunburst finish, PAF (Patent Applied For) humbucking pickups, and unparalleled craftsmanship. Today, original “Bursts” are among the most sought-after vintage guitars.
However, by 1961, declining sales led Gibson to revamp the Les Paul. The design was replaced with a new double-cutaway, lightweight body style, known today as the SG (Solid Guitar). While this model was officially called the Les Paul for a brief period, it gained its own identity after Les Paul disassociated himself from the design.
Key Features of the SG:
• Slimmer, lighter body for increased comfort.
• Dual-humbucking pickups for versatile tones.
• Fast-playing neck profile, ideal for modern styles.
The SG would go on to become one of Gibson’s most enduring designs, embraced by guitarists like Angus Young of AC/DC and Tony Iommi of Black Sabbath.
2. The Launch of the ES-335 and Semi-Hollowbody Guitars
The 1960s saw the rise of Gibson’s semi-hollowbody guitars, which bridged the gap between traditional hollowbody jazz guitars and solid-body electrics. The ES-335, introduced in 1958, gained even greater popularity in the 1960s thanks to players like Chuck Berry and Eric Clapton.
Notable Models:
• ES-330: A fully hollowbody version of the ES-335, popular in blues and jazz.
• ES-345 and ES-355: High-end versions of the ES-335, featuring additional electronics like stereo outputs and Varitone switches for tonal versatility.
These guitars were praised for their warm, resonant tones and ability to handle both clean jazz sounds and searing rock solos.
3. The Futuristic Flying V and Explorer
Although the Flying V and Explorer were initially introduced in 1958, these radical designs gained a cult following in the 1960s. Their futuristic shapes appealed to a new generation of players looking to stand out visually and sonically.
• The Flying V became associated with blues-rock guitarist Albert King and later Jimi Hendrix.
• The Explorer found favor among hard rock players, contributing to its legendary status.
4. Acoustic Excellence: The Hummingbird and Dove
Gibson didn’t just innovate in the electric guitar realm during the 1960s. The company’s acoustic guitars also reached new heights, with models like the Hummingbird (introduced in 1960) and the Dove (introduced in 1962).
Key Features:
• Distinctive square-shouldered dreadnought body shapes.
• Ornate pickguards with unique artwork.
• Warm, balanced tones suitable for both strumming and fingerpicking.
These guitars became favorites among folk and rock musicians, cementing Gibson’s reputation in the acoustic world.
5. The Firebird: A Revolution in Design
In 1963, Gibson introduced the Firebird, designed by automotive stylist Ray Dietrich. This bold, offset-body guitar featured a reverse headstock and unique “mini-humbucker” pickups.
Highlights:
• Sleek, modern aesthetic inspired by car designs.
• Innovative neck-through construction for enhanced sustain.
The Firebird stood out in a crowded market and was embraced by guitarists like Johnny Winter and Allen Collins of Lynyrd Skynyrd.
Cultural Impact and Notable Players
Gibson guitars in the 1960s were more than instruments—they were symbols of the era’s musical revolution. Legendary artists across genres relied on Gibson for their signature sounds:
• Eric Clapton: His iconic “Beano” Les Paul contributed to the blues-rock explosion.
• B.B. King: The ES-355 became synonymous with his style, earning the nickname “Lucille.”
• Keith Richards: The Rolling Stones guitarist frequently used Gibson models, including the Firebird and Les Paul.
• Jimi Hendrix: While primarily associated with Fender, Hendrix famously used a Flying V for live performances.
These musicians helped elevate Gibson’s profile, cementing its place in music history.
Challenges and the Transition to Norlin (1969)
By the late 1960s, Gibson faced growing financial pressures. In 1969, the company was sold to the Norlin Corporation, marking the end of an era. Many enthusiasts view the 1960s as Gibson’s golden age, characterized by unmatched craftsmanship and creativity.
Legacy of Gibson in the 1960s
The guitars Gibson produced during the 1960s remain some of the most iconic and influential instruments ever made. Models like the Les Paul Burst, SG, ES-335, and Hummingbird continue to be celebrated by players and collectors alike.
Key Takeaways:
• The 1960s were a period of unparalleled innovation for Gibson.
• Guitars from this era played a pivotal role in shaping modern music.
• These instruments remain benchmarks of quality and design in the guitar world.
Whether you’re a collector, player, or enthusiast, exploring Gibson’s history in the 1960s is a journey into the heart of guitar innovation and musical legacy.
